What Are the Different Types of Prosthetics?

There are different types of prosthesis designed to function — and sometimes look like natural arms, legs, hands, and feet. Today’s Prosthesis options are lightweight, more comfortable, and technologically advanced, offering a wide range of motion.



To realize how empowering these devices are, one needs only think of Paralympian athletes and their incredible feats. So, what is the most common type of prosthetic? Mainly arms and legs. In this blog, our team at Perfect Prosthetic explain the diverse styles and their capabilities.

Lock Four Axis Knee Joint

Types of Prosthetics

Different types of prosthetic components available today are lighter, stronger, and easier to control than previous versions. Fitting a prosthetic correctly is crucial as it affects mobility and comfort. A prosthetist should always discuss the type of prosthetic you need and the best attachment method.



Arm Amputation and Prosthetics

Upper extremity prostheses differ in function and control mechanisms. An amputee may either have an active or passive arm, depending on their needs. Similarly, they also have the choice to use their own body power to control the arm or external power sources.



Transradial

This type of prosthesis is an artificial arm that attaches below the elbow. A passive prosthesis serves an artificial purpose, while active ones possess movement ability. A body-powered prosthesis connects to the body by a series of cables that move when the body does. Advanced prosthesis (myoelectric) uses electrodes to send a signal to the artificial limb, causing it to move in the same way as a real hand.

Single Axis Prosthetic Knee Joint

Transhumeral

Transhumeral prosthesis provides the functionality of the majority of the arm by replacing an arm missing above the elbow. Like transradial prostheses, they are available in passive, body-powered, external-powered, and hybrid options. Many patients opt for the hybrid type because it provides motion and grip. The most common attachment system for transhumeral prostheses is a suction or roll-on linear system.



Silicone Arms, Hands & Fingers

Silicone arms, hands, and fingers have a highly natural appearance because their color can be matched to any skin tone. The soft material is molded to be thin at the edges for a natural transition to the skin.



Most silicone prosthetics are suspended by means of a suction created between the prosthesis and residual finger stump. As the prosthesis is pushed onto the residual stump, the air is expelled between the silicon and the skin, which provides a secure and reliable suspension.



When it comes to finger prosthetics, it is possible to have a metal implant (osseointegrated implant) that extends from the end of the amputated finger and matches the length of the original finger. This improves function and cosmetic appearance because it is internally supported by a skeletal attachment.

Four Bar Pneumatic Knee Joint



Leg Amputation and Prosthetics

The type of prosthetic legs recommended to lower extremity patients depends on whether they need above or below the knee devices. Each type requires a unique approach to regaining optimum function after amputation.



Transtibial

This leg prosthetic type replaces the limb below the knee, which allows patients to retain the use of their knee. The prosthetic socket is the main connection between the residual limb and the prosthesis, which distributes the weight of the residual limb. Patients require rehabilitation to achieve optimal mobility because the “feet” on transtibial prostheses don’t usually move.



Transfemoral

The need to include a knee joint mechanism for upper leg prosthesis makes transfemoral prostheses more complex because they are critical to an amputee’s quality of life. These prostheses play a determining role in a person’s ability to sit, stand, balance, and move around. This type of prosthesis allows for seemingly normal movement after a lengthy rehabilitation process.

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