The basic functions of LV switchgear

Switchgear: General term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures, intended in principle for use in connection with generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electric energy.

Low voltage electrical installation rules such as IEC 60364 series and related national standards give:

● rules for design and erection of electrical installation, and

● requirement for selection of electrical equipement including the devices to ensure protection and control of the electrical installation.

These devices are collectively referred to as switchgear​.

The main functions of switchgear are:

● Electrical protection

● Electrical isolation of the electrical installation, circuits or individual equipment

● Local or remote switching

These functions are summarized below in Figure H1.

Fig. H1 – Basic functions of LV switchgear

Electrical protection against
Isolation
Control
Overload currents

Short-circuit currents

Insulation failure


Isolation clearly indicated by an authorized fail-proof mechanical indicator

A gap or interposed insulating barrier between the open contacts, clearly visible


Functional switching

Emergency switching

Emergency stopping

Switching off for mechanical maintenance

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